”ƒ 811.161.1
‡ÔËÚÓÌÓ‚‡, “.»., ÃÓÒÍÓ‚ÍËÌ, À.¬.
ÃÂÚÓ‰Ë͇ Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ ÛÒÒÍÓÏÛ ˇÁ˚ÍÛ Í‡Í ËÌÓÒÚ‡ÌÌÓÏÛ Ì‡
˝Ú‡Ô Ô‰‚ÛÁÓ‚ÒÍÓÈ ÔÓ‰„ÓÚÓ‚ÍË. у —œ·. : «Î‡ÚÓÛÒÚ, 2006. у
272 Ò.
Kapitonova, T.I., Moskovkin, L.V.
The methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language on the
step of prehigh school level. у St. Petersburg : Zlatoust, 2006. у
272 p.
–ˆÂÌÁÂÌÚ: «.». ≈ÒË̇, Í. Ù. Ì., ÔÓÙ. –ÓÒÒËÈÒÍÓ„Ó ÛÌË‚ÂÒËÚÂÚ‡
‰ÛÊ·˚ ̇Ӊӂ
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–‰‡ÍÚÓ˚: ƒ.¬. ÿ‡Ï‡ÌÒÍËÈ, Ã.Œ. Õ‡ÒÓÌÍË̇
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ŒË„Ë̇Î-χÍÂÚ: À.Œ. œ‡˘ÛÍ
Œ·ÎÓÊ͇: ¬.¬. ÀËÒÚÓ‚‡
‘ÓÚÓ„‡ÙËË Ì‡ ‚ÍÎÂÈÍÂ: ¬.fl. √ÓӉˆÍËÈ
¬ ÍÌ˄ ÒÓ‰ÂÊËÚÒˇ ÓÔËÒ‡ÌË ÓÒÌÓ‚Ì˚ı НУПФУМВМЪУ‚ ÒËÒÚÂÏ˚
Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ ÛÒÒÍÓÏÛ ˇÁ˚ÍÛ Í‡Í ËÌÓÒÚ‡ÌÌÓÏÛ Ì‡ ˝Ú‡Ô Ô‰‚ÛÁÓ‚ÒÍÓÈ
ÔÓ‰„ÓÚÓ‚ÍË: ˆÂÎÂÈ, ÔË̈ËÔÓ‚, ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌˡ, ÏÂÚÓ‰Ó‚, Ò‰ÒÚ‚, ÔÓˆÂÒÒ‡
Л ÂÁÛθڇÚÓ‚ Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ, ‡ Ú‡ÍÊ ÛÒÎÓ‚ËÈ Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ Л УТУ·ВММУТЪВИ
ÍÓÌÚËÌ„ÂÌÚ‡ Û˜‡˘ËıÒˇ.
ÌË„‡ Ô‰̇Á̇˜Â̇ ‰Îˇ ÒÚÛ‰ÂÌÚÓ‚-ÙËÎÓÎÓ„Ó‚, ‡ÒÔˇÌÚÓ‚, ÔÂÔÓ‰‡‚‡ÚÂÎÂÈ.
ISBN
5-86547-160-0
© ‡ÔËÚÓÌÓ‚‡ “.»., ÃÓÒÍÓ‚ÍËÌ À.¬. (ÚÂÍÒÚ), 2006
© «¿Œ ´«Î‡ÚÓÛÒÚª (‰‡ÍˆËÓÌÌÓ-ËÁ‰‡ÚÂθÒÍÓÂ
ÓÙÓÏÎÂÌËÂ), 2006
œÓ‰„ÓÚӂ͇ ÓË„Ë̇Î-χÍÂÚ‡: ËÁ‰‡ÚÂθÒÚ‚Ó ´«Î‡ÚÓÛÒÚª.
œÓ‰ÔËÒ‡ÌÓ ‚ Ô˜‡Ú¸ 01.12.05. ‘ÓÏ‡Ú 60ı90/16. œÂ˜. Î. 34. œÂ˜‡Ú¸ ÓÙÒÂÚ̇ˇ.
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Ó‰ ÔÓ‰Û͈ËË: Œ 005-93-953005.
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—‡ÌËÚ‡ÌÓ-˝ÔˉÂÏËÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍÓ Á‡Íβ˜ÂÌË ̇ ÔÓ‰ÛÍˆË˛ ËÁ‰‡ÚÂθÒÚ‚‡ √ÓÒÛ‰‡ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌÓÈ
—›— –‘ π 78.01.07.953.œ.002067.03.05 УЪ 16.03.2005 „.
»Á‰‡ÚÂθÒÚ‚Ó ´«Î‡ÚÓÛÒÚª: 197101, —.-œÂÚ·ۄ, ‡ÏÂÌÌÓÓÒÚÓ‚ÒÍËÈ Ô., ‰. 24, ÓÙ. 24.
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196006, —.-œÂÚ·ۄ, ÛÎ. . “ÓϘ‡Í‡, 28. “ÂÎ. 388-90-00.
Стр.2
—Ó‰ÂʇÌËÂ
¬‚‰ÂÌË ................................................................................................... 5
1. —ËÒÚÂÏÌÓ ‡ÒÒÏÓÚÂÌË ӷۘÂÌˡ ÛÒÒÍÓÏÛ ˇÁ˚ÍÛ
Í‡Í ËÌÓÒÚ‡ÌÌÓÏÛ Ì‡ ÔÓ‰„ÓÚÓ‚ËÚÂθÌÓÏ Ù‡ÍÛθÚÂÚ ...................... 7
1.1. œÓ‰„ÓÚÓ‚ËÚÂθÌ˚È Ù‡ÍÛθÚÂÚ Í‡Í ÙÓχ Ô‰‚ÛÁÓ‚ÒÍÓÈ
ÔÓ‰„ÓÚÓ‚ÍË. ГВТЪУ ÛÒÒÍÓ„Ó ˇÁ˚͇ ‚ ТЛТЪВПВ Û˜Â·Ì˚ı
Ô‰ÏÂÚÓ‚ ÔÓ‰„ÓÚÓ‚ËÚÂθÌÓ„Ó Ù‡ÍÛθÚÂÚ‡ ............................. 7
1.2. Œ·Û˜ÂÌË ÛÒÒÍÓÏÛ ˇÁ˚ÍÛ Ì‡ ÔÓ‰„ÓÚÓ‚ËÚÂθÌÓÏ
Щ‡НЫО¸ЪВЪВ Н‡Н НУПФУМВМЪ ‚ЫБУ‚ТНУ„У НЫТ‡ ЫТТНУ„У
ˇÁ˚͇ Í‡Í ËÌÓÒÚ‡ÌÌÓ„Ó .......................................................... 15
1.3. Œ·Û˜ÂÌË ÛÒÒÍÓÏÛ ˇÁ˚ÍÛ Ì‡ ÔÓ‰„ÓÚÓ‚ËÚÂθÌÓÏ
Ù‡ÍÛθÚÂÚÂ Í‡Í ÒËÒÚÂχ (Ó·˘Ë ÔÓÎÓÊÂÌˡ) ........................ 20
2. —Ú‡ÌÓ‚ÎÂÌËÂ Л ‡Á‚ËÚË ÒËÒÚÂÏ˚ Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ ÛÒÒÍÓÏÛ ˇÁ˚ÍÛ
Í‡Í ËÌÓÒÚ‡ÌÌÓÏÛ Ì‡ ÔÓ‰„ÓÚÓ‚ËÚÂθÌÓÏ Ù‡ÍÛθÚÂÚ .................... 23
2.1. œÂ‚˚È ˝Ú‡Ô (50- „Ó‰˚ ’’ ‚Â͇) ............................................ 23
2.2. ¬ÚÓÓÈ ˝Ú‡Ô (60ñ70- „Ó‰˚ ’’ ‚Â͇) ....................................... 26
2.3. “ÂÚËÈ ˝Ú‡Ô (80- „Ó‰˚ ’’ ‚Â͇) ............................................. 37
2.4. ◊ÂÚ‚ÂÚ˚È ˝Ú‡Ô (90- „Ó‰˚ ’’ ‚Â͇ у ̇˜‡ÎÓ XXI ‚Â͇) ..... 55
3. —Ó‚ÂÏÂÌÌÓ ÒÓÒÚÓˇÌË ÒËÒÚÂÏ˚ Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ ÛÒÒÍÓÏÛ ˇÁ˚ÍÛ
̇ ÔÓ‰„ÓÚÓ‚ËÚÂθÌÓÏ Ù‡ÍÛθÚÂÚÂ: ˆÂÎË, ÏÂÚӉ˘ÂÒ͇ˇ
ÍÓ̈ÂÔˆËˇ, Ò‰ÒÚ‚‡ Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ ........................................................ 62
3.1. чВОЛ Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ ........................................................................... 62
3.2. ÃÂÚӉ˘ÂÒ͇ˇ ÍÓ̈ÂÔˆËˇ. œË̈ËÔ˚ Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ .................... 66
3.2.1. œÓÌˇÚËÂ У ÏÂÚӉ˘ÂÒÍÓÈ ÍÓ̈ÂÔˆËË Л ÔË̈ËÔ‡ı
Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ .......................................................................... 66
3.2.2. œË̈ËÔ˚, ‚˚‰‚Ë„‡ÂÏ˚ ̇ ÓÒÌÓ‚Â ‡Ì‡ÎËÁ‡ ˆÂÎÂÈ
Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ .......................................................................... 67
3.2.3. œË̈ËÔ˚, ‚˚‰‚Ë„‡ÂÏ˚ ̇ ÓÒÌÓ‚Â ‡Ì‡ÎËÁ‡
ÛÒÎÓ‚ËÈ Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ ........................................................... 71
3.2.4. œË̈ËÔ˚, ‚˚‰‚Ë„‡ÂÏ˚ ̇ ÓÒÌÓ‚Â ‡Ì‡ÎËÁ‡
ÍÓÌÚËÌ„ÂÌÚ‡ Û˜‡˘ËıÒˇ.................................................... 74
3.3. —Ó‰ÂʇÌË ӷۘÂÌˡ .............................................................. 76
3.3.1. ŒÚ·Ó ۘ·ÌÓ„Ó Ï‡Ú¡· ........................................... 76
3.3.2. Œ„‡ÌËÁ‡ˆËˇ ۘ·ÌÓ„Ó Ï‡Ú¡· ............................... 80
ÃÂÚÓ‰Ë͇ Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ ÛÒÒÍÓÏÛ ˇÁ˚ÍÛ Í‡Í ËÌÓÒÚ‡ÌÌÓÏÛ
3
Стр.3
3.4. ÃÂÚÓ‰˚ Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ....................................................................... 83
3.4.1. —ÓÁ̇ÚÂθÌ˚ ÏÂÚÓ‰˚ ................................................... 84
3.4.2. »ÌÚÛËÚË‚Ì˚ ÏÂÚÓ‰˚. œˇÏÓÈ ÏÂÚÓ‰ ......................... 87
3.4.3. »ÌÚÂÌÒË‚Ì˚ ÏÂÚÓ‰˚ .................................................... 89
3.5. —‰ÒÚ‚‡ Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ .................................................................... 90
3.5.1. ”˜Â·Ì˚ ÍÌË„Ë ................................................................ 91
3.5.2. ¿Û‰ËÓÁ‡ÔËÒË, ̇„Ρ‰Ì˚ ÔÓÒӷˡ, ۘ·Ì˚Â
‚ˉÂÓÙËθÏ˚ Л ÍÓÏÔ¸˛ÚÂÌ˚ ÔÓ„‡ÏÏ˚................ 94
4. —Ó‚ÂÏÂÌÌÓ ÒÓÒÚÓˇÌË ÒËÒÚÂÏ˚ Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ ÛÒÒÍÓÏÛ ˇÁ˚ÍÛ
̇ ÔÓ‰„ÓÚÓ‚ËÚÂθÌÓÏ Ù‡ÍÛθÚÂÚÂ: ÔÓˆÂÒÒ Л ÂÁÛθڇÚ˚
Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ ........................................................................................... 101
4.1. Œ·˘‡ˇ ı‡‡ÍÚÂËÒÚË͇ ÔÓˆÂÒÒ‡ ÙÓÏËÓ‚‡Ìˡ
‡ÒÔÂÍÚÌ˚ı ˜‚˚ı ̇‚˚ÍÓ‚ Л ÍÓÏÏÛÌË͇ÚË‚Ì˚ı
ЫПВМЛИ ..................................................................................... 101
4.2. ‘ÓÏËÓ‚‡ÌË ‡ÒÔÂÍÚÌ˚ı ˜‚˚ı ̇‚˚ÍÓ‚ ...................... 104
4.2.1. «‡ÍÓÌÓÏÂÌÓÒÚË ÙÓÏËÓ‚‡Ìˡ ‡ÒÔÂÍÚÌ˚ı
˜‚˚ı ̇‚˚ÍÓ‚ .......................................................... 104
4.2.2. ‘ÓÏËÓ‚‡ÌË ÙÓÌÂÚ˘ÂÒÍËı ̇‚˚ÍÓ‚ ..................... 110
4.2.3. ‘ÓÏËÓ‚‡ÌË „‡Ù˘ÂÒÍËı ̇‚˚ÍÓ‚ ....................... 121
4.2.4. ‘ÓÏËÓ‚‡ÌË ÎÂÍÒ˘ÂÒÍËı ̇‚˚ÍÓ‚........................ 129
4.2.5. ‘ÓÏËÓ‚‡ÌË „‡ÏχÚ˘ÂÒÍËı ̇‚˚ÍÓ‚ ................. 135
4.3. ‘ÓÏËÓ‚‡ÌË ÍÓÏÏÛÌË͇ÚË‚Ì˚ı ЫПВМЛИ ........................... 147
4.3.1. «‡ÍÓÌÓÏÂÌÓÒÚË ÙÓÏËÓ‚‡Ìˡ ÍÓÏÏÛÌË͇ÚË‚Ì˚ı
ЫПВМЛИ .......................................................................... 147
4.3.2. ‘ÓÏËÓ‚‡ÌË ЫПВМЛИ ‡Û‰ËÓ‚‡Ìˡ ......................... 155
4.3.3. ‘ÓÏËÓ‚‡ÌË ЫПВМЛИ ˜ÚÂÌˡ ................................... 168
4.3.4. ‘ÓÏËÓ‚‡ÌË ЫПВМЛИ ‰Ë‡Îӄ˘ÂÒÍÓÈ Â˜Ë ............ 184
4.3.5. ‘ÓÏËÓ‚‡ÌË ЫПВМЛИ ÏÓÌÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍÓÈ Â˜Ë ......... 191
4.3.6. ‘ÓÏËÓ‚‡ÌË ЫПВМЛИ ФЛТ¸ПВММУИ Â˜Ë ................. 201
4.4. »ÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌË ÚÂıÌ˘ÂÒÍËı Ò‰ÒÚ‚ Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ .................. 212
4.5. Œ„‡ÌËÁ‡ˆËˇ Ò‡ÏÓÒÚÓˇÚÂθÌÓÈ ‡·ÓÚ˚ ÒÚÛ‰ÂÌÚÓ‚ ............. 223
4.6. œÓ‚‰ÂÌË ‚̇ۉËÚÓÌ˚ı ÏÂÓÔˡÚËÈ .......................... 226
4.7. —ÔˆËÙË͇ ÍÓÌÚËÌ„ÂÌÚ‡ Û˜‡˘ËıÒˇ Л ВВ Û˜ÂÚ ‚ ÔÓˆÂÒÒÂ
Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ .................................................................................. 230
4.8. –ÂÁÛθڇÚ˚ Ó·Û˜ÂÌˡ. ÓÌÚÓθ ........................................... 238
«‡Íβ˜ÂÌË ........................................................................................... 244
ÀËÚ‡ÚÛ‡ ............................................................................................ 245
4
“.». ‡ÔËÚÓÌÓ‚‡, À.¬. ÃÓÒÍÓ‚ÍËÌ
Стр.4